# Genetic technology

**In this chapter, you will learn to:**

* Explain the fundamental concepts behind genetic technology.
* Describe the tools and methods used by genetic engineers.
* Explain the processes of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis.
* Describe the applications of PCR and gel electrophoresis.
* Explain how microarrays are used in genetic analysis.
* Outline the purposes of databases containing gene sequences, genomes, and protein information.
* Provide examples of how genetic technology is applied in medicine.
* Describe the agricultural uses of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
* Discuss the social and ethical considerations related to gene technology in healthcare and food production.